Hospital bed-chair



B. R. F. MaGDoNALD 3,090,971

HOSPITAL BED-CHAIR May 28, 1963 Filed May 16, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 May28, 1963 B. R. F. MacDoNALb HOSPITAL BED-CHAIR 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FiledMay 16, 1960 TTURNEYS 3,090,971 HQSPIIAL BED-CHAIR Benjamin R. F.MacDonald, 2740 Telegraph, Berkeley, Calif. Filed May 16, 1960, Ser. No.29,378 Claims. (Cl. 5-6S) The present invention relates to hospital bedsthat are convertible to a chair position, and is particularly directedto an improved foldable spring frame attachment which may be readilyemployed with existing hospital beds to provide adjustably foldablespring frame structure which in addition to being capable ofaccomplishing usual hospital bed manipulations, is selectively pivotalbetween positions parallel and transverse to the bed and readilyconvertible to several chair and semi-chair coniigurations.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my prior co-pendingapplication Ser. No. 820,678, and now abandoned, relating to convertiblehospital bed-chair structure, and pertains to an improved simplifiedconstruction of the basic bed-chair attachment disclosed therein.Although the beneiits derived from adjustably convertible hospitalbed-chairs as to patient comfort and eiiiciency nursing operations aremanifold, the henets can lbe signiiicantly oiset by the relatively largecapital investment involved in equipping an entire sanitarium, hospital,or the like with such bed-chairs. It is accordingly advantageous thatthe convertible bed-chair structure be as economic as possible. Asignificant reduction in initial capital outlay accrues from theprovision of a convertible bed-chair attachment of the general classdescribed in my above-referenced co-pending application which may beemployed with existing hospital beds such that the entire bed need notbe replaced. Further reductions in expenditure also accrue where theattachment is as simple in construction as possible and yet is conduciveto long life and minimal maintenance requirements.

It is therefore an `object of the present invention to provide animproved convertible bed-chair spring attachment for use with existinghospital beds.

Another object of the present invention is the p-rovision of an improvedconvertible bed-chair spring attachment which is simple and economicalin construction and yet conducive to long life without repair.

Yet another object of my invention is the provision of an articulatedhospital bed spring frame for overall pivotal movement and longitudinalmovement of the individual spring frame sections relative to asupporting 5 tions.

gatch frame of a conventional hospital bed without the use of r-ollersor equivalent journalled translatory support devices.

It is still another object of the invention to provide a convertiblebed-chair spring frame attachment of the class described which isarranged for continuous support of its individual sections upon a gatchlframe of a conventional hospital bed during pivotal movement of theformer between longitudinal and transverse positions relative to thelatter.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a convertiblehospital bed-chair of the class described wherein side rail and safetyweb structure is provided which is readily rollable to an unobstructingposition to permit pivotal movement of the spring frame betweenlongitudinal and transverse positions.

The invention possesses other objects and features of advantage, some ofwhich, with the foregoing, will be set forth in the followingdescription of the preferred form of the invention which is illustratedin the drawing accompanying and forming part of the specification. It isto be understood, however, that variations in the show- 3,090,971Patented May 28, 1963 ing Vmade by the said drawing and description maybe adopted within the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.

FIGURE -1 is a plan view yof a hospital bed embodying the improvedconvertible bed-chair spring frame attachment of the present invention.

FIGURE 2 is a side elevational view of the hospital ybed of FIGURE 1with portions broken away.

FIGURE 3 is a sectional view taken at line 3-3 of FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 4 is a view similar to FIGURE 3 but with the spring frameattachment rotated to transverse position and assuming a full chairconfiguration.

FIGURE 4-A is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the lfootportion of the bed as shown in FIG- URE 4.

FIGURE 5 is an enlarged broken-out perspective View illustrating theconnection of the rollable side rail and safety web structure to the bedframe.

FIGURE 6 is a sectional view taken at line 6-6 of FIGURE 4.

Considering now the invention in some detail and 4referring to theillustrated form thereof in the drawing there is provided a hospital bed10 of generally convention al construction but slightly modified `forincorporation therein of a pivotal bed-chair spring frame attachment 11in accordance with the present invention. The bed proper 10 includes abedstead frame 12 consisting of a head frame 13, vfoot frame y14, andside frame members 16 and 17 secured together to form a rigid structure.Secured to the bedstead frame 12 is a conventional gatch spring frame 1Swhich is formed of a plurality of foldable sections 19, 21, and 22arranged in end to end relation longitudinally of the bedstead. Morespecifically, the head section 19 and central section @1 are hingedlyconnected at opposite ends `of parallel upright side support plates 23and 24 secured to the opposite side frames 16 and .17 of the bedstead.The end section 22 is directly hingedly connected to the end of centralsection 21.

As is usual, the gatch frame 18 further includes adjusting mechanism, asshown generally at 26, at the underside thereof. The mechanism 26 is4arranged to facilitate selective rotation of the various sections ofthe gatch frame to a Variety of desirable bed configura- This isaccomplished by manual manipulation of hand cranks remotely connected tothe mechanism at the ends of the bedstead as indicated generally at 27.

The bedstead frame 12 and gatch frame 13 with associated operatingmechanism 26 would be wholly conventional were springs secured to themembers of the gatch frame sections. However, for the purposes of thepresent invention these springs are removed to facilitate employment ofthe spring frame bed chair attachment 11 in the conventional hospitalbed. Since substantial portions of the conventional bed are retainedwhen employed with attachment 11, the additional cost incurred inconverting the bed to bed-chair service is but a small fraction of thatof a complete bed-chair. Furthermore the attachment 11 will be seen tobe simply, yet ruggedly constructed in the interests of initial as wellas long term economy.

The convertible bed-chair spring frame attachment 11 comprises afoldable yspring frame 28v of generally similar construction as gatchframe 18 and arranged for overlying freely movable support thereon andpivotal movement transversely thereof. More particularly, frame 2-8includes a pair of vertically extending support plates 29 and 30:disposed at either -side of the spring frame Q18V in a planesubstantially overlying the side support plates 23 and 24. Extendingtransversely between the plates 29 and 30 and secured to the lowerportions thereof is a channel member or base plate 31. Head and centralY spring frame sections 32 and 33 are hingedly attached to opposite endsof the support plates 29 and 3G so as to be coplanar withvthe top of theplate when the sections are in horizontal position. ln addition a footspring frame section 34 is hingedly attached to the end of centralsection 33 and has an upright foot plate 36 secured across its end, thefootV plate preferably having a hand hole 37 therethrough for purposessubsequently described. 'Ihe head, central, and foot-sections 32 and 33and 34 of the frame 2S are of comparable dimensions as the correspondingsections of gatch frame 18.

v Mounting of the frame 28fin overlying pivotal relation to gatch frame26 is preferably facilitated by the simple detachable rotary mountingarrangement best illustrated in FIGUREV 3. The rotary mount iseconomically provided by a dependent bushing 38 centrally secured to thebase plate 31. A similar bushing 39 is centrally secured in uprightposition to atransverse support plate 41 end -secured to angle members42 and 43 which are drilled for detachable bolted` connection to theside members 16 and :17 of the 'existing bedstead frame 12.

The support plate and bushing secured thereto may hence be readilybolted to the bedstead substantially transversely between side ysupportplates 23 and 24 of the gatch frame 26. Rotary connection of the frame28 is rthen simply accomplished by inserting -an elongated shaft 44 inthe bushing 39 and placing the bushing 38 depending from the base plate31 of frame Zupon the free end of the shaft. A rotary connection betweenthe gatch frame rigidly attached to the bedstead and the spring frame isthus provided which can readily be assem-bied or disassembled.

Full, freely slidable support of therindividural sections of frame 28upon the comparable sectionsV of the gatch frame litV during rotation ofthe former through substantially 90 between extreme positionslongitudinal and transverse of the bed is uniquely accomplished in therattachment 11 without necessity of rollers or equivalent Vjournalledsupports that are expensive and susceptible to damage. Slidable 'supportis facilitated by a plurality of foot members secured to the undersidesof the individual spring frame sections as by means of depending legs 46and resting upon the side members of the gatch frame. The various footmembers employed are chosen to the end of providing structural integrityat as low a cost as'possible. [More particularly, foot members 47 and 48associated with the central and head sections 33 and 32 are provided aslengths of angle iron secured transversely between opposed pairs of thelegs 46 near the foot ends of the sections. Lengths of channel iron mayof course be alternatively employed for this purpose but at an increasedcost because yof the additional unnecessary material.

A foot member 49 associated with foot section 34 may be similarlyprovided as -a length of angle iron transversely secured between pairsof the legs 45 at the foot end of the foot section. However inasmuchasi-attendants must'frequently reach under the foot end ofthe bed intucking sheets and blankets, the sharp edges presented at the endcorners of Vanrangle iron are somewhat hazardous. Therefore the footmember 49 is preferably provided -as a length ofchannel iron secured tothe legs 46 with its web side down. In addition, the ends of the channelmember are upwardly turned so asV to present smooth surfaces to anattendant reaching under the foot of the bed. The smoothly curved endsof the-foot mem-Y ber `49 also' prevent any catching or snagging of sameupon the side members of the gatch frame 18 during ro-V` tation of thespring frame attachment 11 relative thereto. Were the ends of the footmember 49 faced square, catching of the memberupon the gatch frame wouldbe highly probable. i Y

In addition to the foot members aheady described, a pair of short footmembers 51 and 52 are securedtoV legs 46 secured to the opposite sidesof the head section 32 at the head end thereof. More particularly thefoot members 51 and 52 are provided as short lengths of angle iron orchannel iron preferably no longer than the width of the side members ofthe gatch frame upon which they rest. Channel iron upwardly bent topresent a smooth outer surface is,V however, preferred to eliminate lanysharp edges that might be encountered by an attendant in making the bed.that short individual foot members are employed at the opposite sides ofthe head end of the head section rather than a single member extendingtransversely therebetween. This reduction in material with an attendantreduction in cost of the attachrnent 11 is possible without detractingfrom the requisite strength thereofsince the head end of the headsection does not support appreciableV weight. Furthermore, unlike thefoot section, continuous support of the head section upon the gatchframe during rotation of the attachment between longitudinal andtransverse positions is not required since the head section is locked inan inclined position during rotation in a manner subsequently described.

It will be appreciated that'with the spring frame 28 supported inlongitudinal position upon the gatch frame '1S through the media of thefoot members just described, the individual sections of the springVframe follow the movements Vof the comparable individual sections ofthe gatch frame Yas adjusted-to desirable hospital `bed configurationsby manipulation of the adjusting mechanism 26. In order to prepare thespring frame 28 for rotation, however, the head section 32 is lockableinan inclined position, as depicted by the phantom lines in FIGURE 2 soas to clear the head frame 13 of the bedstead frarne 12 during therotation. To this end, a pair of locking arms V53 are respectivelypivotally secured Vto the opposite sides of the central spring framesection at the head end thereof. TheV free ends of the arms aretransversely slotted at 54 for engagement with pins 56 projectinglaterally from the foot end of head section 32, for example, from theends of the foot member 48. When the head section 32 is manipulated toinclined position throughk the gatch frame 18, the arms 53 need only bepivoted to engage the pins 56 inthe slots 54 and A Vthereby support andlock the head section in the inclined position. VAThe head section 19 ofthe gatch frame is vthen lowered tohorizontal position to clear theattachment 11 for rotation.

The spring frame 28 may nowbe rotated to transverse positlon to assume achair configuration. To rotate the spring frame an attendant grasps andhand hold 37 in foot plate 36 and pivots the frame about, continuoussupport of the frame upon the gatch frame 18 being facilitated by thetransversely extending foot members 47 and 49. W1th the frame 28 intransverse position and the foot section 34 thereby extending laterallybe-V ture which may be selectively moved into a horizontal armsupporting position when the head section 32 of the spring frame 28 isin its locked inclined position. YAlthough a variety of arm rests may beutilized in the attachment, 1n keeping with-the overall economy of theattachment van extremely simple arm rest arrangement such as depictedK'in'the drawings is preferred. As best shown in FIGURES4 and`6, eacharm VVrest comprises a length of angle iron 57 pivotally secured to theside ofV h ead section 32 in the medial region thereof. Moreparncularly, one'leg of the angle iron 57 is pivotally securediiushagainst the side of the head section with the other It isparticularly important to note leg being at the top of the angle andprojecting laterally outward when the angle is to the foot side of itspivot. A pad 58 is in turn secured to the exposed side of the projectingleg of the angle. Pivotal connection of each arm -rest angle is simplyfacilitated by provision of a depending stub 59 of channel iron securedat its web to the inner face of each side member of the head section 32.A pivot pin 61 is extended through the flush leg of the angle iron 57and web of the depending stub, a spacer washer 62 being interposedtherebetween to till the gap arising from the wall thickness of the headsection side member. Support of the arm rests in operable position isfacilitated by laterally projecting blocks 65 respectively secured tothe opposite side members of the head section and spaced toward the footend thereof from stubs 59 by such an amount that the pivoted legs of theangles 57 when horizontally disposed engage the blocks. Support of thearm rests in an inoperative unobstructing position as indicated by thephantom lines of FIGURE 4 is facilitated by positioning the foot members51 and 52 at the head end of head section 32 such that they projectslightly beyond the side members of the section. The arm rests may hencebe pivoted towards the head of the bed with the pads 58 being thendownwardly disposed and engaging the projecting portions of the footmembers 5l and 52.

For patients having various disorders or illnesses it is desirable thata hospital bed have guard rail or equivalent structure at its sides toprevent the patient from accidentally falling `out of bed in his sleep.Such protective structure in the case of `a bed-chair such as that ofthe present invention would normally prevent pivotal movement of thespring frame attachment and thus render the attachment inoperable forbed-chair purposes. Accordingly, in a hospital bed embodying theattachment 11 of the present invention -it is desirable that side railguard structure be provided that is selectively retractable to anout-of-the-way location so as to permit unobstructed rotation of theattachment to the transverse chair position. To this end I have providedas an important yadjunct to the invention a uniquely retractable webbedside guard structure 63 as illustrated in the drawings.

Side guard structure 63 includes a pair of longitudinally extendingguard rails 64 which Vare adapted for securance to the bedstead frame 12in such a manner as to be respectively vertically movable adjacent theopposite sides of the bed between elevated positions overlying thespring frame 23 (see FIGURE 2) and retracted positions underlying same(see FIGURE Lt). More particularly each guard rail 64 is rigidly securedat its opposite ends to telescoping members 66 and 67 which arerespectively rigidly secured at their base ends to the opposite ends ofthe respective bedstead side frames 16 and i7. With the telescopinfrmembers in collapsed condition, the guard rails are retracted beneaththe upper plane of the gatch frame l. With the telescoping membersextended, the guard rails are Velevated above the spring frame Z8, andto facilitate locking of `the rails in such elevated position suitablelocking -devices 68 are secured to .the head and foot frames 13 and 14opposite the ends of the rails.

As best shown in FIGURE 5, each locking device 63 preferably comprises ablock 6% secured to, for example, the foot frame 14 and having a T-slotil in its upper end face. A latching disc 72 is then secured through aspring loaded telescoping membei- 73 or :the like to the respective endsof the guard rm'ls, such disc `and telescoping member upon extensionbeing engageable with the T-slot. Thus, the guard rails 64 may beselectively extended and locked in elevated position by means of thelocking devices 68.

The side guard structure 63 further includes webbing 74 of fabric,plastic, or the like, which is secured to the respective guard rails 64and depends therefrom when the rails are in elevated position so as toprotectively enclose the sides of the bed. The webbing 74 is uniquelyretractable in conjunction with retraction of the guard rails by meansof spring loaded rollers 76 of the variety commonly used with windowshades. More particularly, the webbing 74 is secured at its lower end tothe roller which is in turn journalled between the head and foot fra-mes13 and 14 1at substantially their intersections with the side framemembers 16 and 17. In order that the rollers 76 may be readily removed,the bedstead frame structure is transversely slotted as indicated at 77to receive the respective end mounting lugs 7 8 of the rollers. Thuswhen the guard rails 64 are retracted, the associated webbings 74 arerolled upon the rollers 76 by virtue of the spring loading of same.Conversely, when the guard rails are extended to their locked elevatedpositions, the webbings are unrolled from the rollers to enclose thesides of the bed.

It is of course essential :that the guard structure 63 be suihcientlyrigid to withstand a patient rolling against the webbing or otherwiseforcibly encountering the structure. Therefore, the supportingtelescoping members 66 and 67 are preferably transversely braced as bymeans of rods 79 and 81 `attached to the base portions of thetelescoping members of each transversely opposed pair and secured.together as by means of ra turnbuckle 82. In addition, the upper endsof the transversely opposed pairs of telescoping members lare preferablysecured together by means of straps S3 or fthe like which are arrangedfor detachable connection to the telescoping menibers. The straps 83 maybe, for example, provided with snap fasteners to facilitate attachmentby the formation of connecting loops about :the telescoping members.

There is thus provided by the present invention a hospital bed-chairwhich is relatively economical in initial installation cost andeconomical overall by virtue of the simple, yet rugged spring frameattachment l1 which is adapted for ready employment with existinghospital beds of conventional design to convert same to bed-chairservice. The attachment may be readily installed in an existing bed by-rst removing the springs from the gatch frame and then attaching thesupport plate 41 between the side frames of the bedstead frame. Theshaft 4d is then inserted in the bushing 39 and the spring frameattachment placed upon the gatch frame with the bushing 3S encompassingthe free end of fthe shaft to provide a pivotable mounting. Whereprotective side guard structure is required the retractable guardstructure 63 is additionally installed upon the bedstead frame of theexisting hospital bed.

The operation of the resulting hospital bed-chair in accordance with thepresent invention for service as a bed is substantially identical to:that of a conventional hospital bed. The gatch frame `adjustmentmechanism 26 under the control of the hand cranks 27 moves theindividual sections of the gatch frame, and therefore individualsections of the spring frame 28 `of attachment 11 supported thereon,into a variety of desirable hospital bed configurations. Where desiredthe side guard `structure 63 is locked in its elevated position toprovide protective side closures for preventing a bed patient fromfalling out of bed.

When it is desired to convert the bed-chair structure to chair service,the head section 34 of the spring frame 28 is irst manipulated toinclined position by corresponda ing manipulation of the gatch framehead section 19 as indicated by the phantom lines of FIGURE 2. Thelocking arms 53 are then employed to lock the head section 32 ininclined position by engaging their slots 54 upon the pins 56. The headsection of the gatch frame is now lowered to horizontal position.

The arm rest structure may now be placed in operative position bypivoting the arm angles 57 into engagement with -the rest blocks 65. Inthe event the side guard structure 63 is still in elevated position, thestraps 83 are removed and the guard rails 64 unlatched tfter which theoverall structure is moved to its retracted position clear of the springframe 2S.

An attendant now grasps the hand hole 37 in foot plate 36 and rotatesthe spring frame 28 to transverse position relative to the bedstead. YWhen the spring frame is in its transverse position, the weightl of thelegs of a bed occupant is supported by the attendant in holding the footplate. The attendant then allows the foot section 34 to gently pivotdownwardly to a rest position in engagement with the door whereupon theattachment 11 assumes a full chair position as depicted in FIGURE 4.

Preferably the upright vfoot plateV 36 is hinged to the frame section 34so that it may be folded upon the frame if desired. Also the `foot plateis provided with an elongated slotr86 so as to permit the Abed clothes87 to be disposed'over the plate and extended through the slot fortucking under the mattress 88 shown in FIGURE 4-A.

What is claimed is: Y

l. In a hospital bed including at least a bedstead frame, a foldablespring frame formed of articulated hinged spring sections having thesprings removed therefrom, andi adjusting means carried by said bedsteadframe `and operatively connected to the sections of said spring frameVto selectively pivot the sections relative to each other other wherebythe spring frame may assume a variety of predetermined positionsconducive to the well being and comfort of a patient occupying the bed,the combination comprising a` second foldable spring frame formed ofarticulated hingedv sections corresponding to the sections of said tirstspringy frame and respectively supported in overlying relation thereon,pivotal mounting means mounting said second frame upon said bedsteadframe for rotation between positions longitudinally and transversely ofthe rst frame, and means for selectively locking the headward section ofsaid second frame in inclined posii tion relative to its immediatelyadjacent section.

2. In a hospital bed according to claim 1, the combination furtherdefined by transverse foot members secured to the undersides of sectionsof said second spring frame and supported upon the side members of thecorresponding sections of said rst spring frame.

3. A bed-chair attachment for a hospital bed comprising a foldablearticulated spring frame having head -and central sections hingedlysecured to opposite ends of a support member and a foot section hingedlysecured to the opposite end of said central section, an upright footplate securedtransversely to the end of said foot section, a bushingdepending centrally from saidV support member, a mounting plate adaptedfor connection to the side members of the bedstead frame of a hospitalbed, a second bushing vertically secured to said mounting plate, a shaftengaging said first and secondl bushings and rotatably interconnectingsame, angle iron foot members respectively secured transversely beneaththe foot ends of said head and central sections, a channel iron footmember secured transversely beneath/the foot end of said'fo'ot sectionWith the ends of the member smoothly upwardly turned, a pair of channeliron foot members respectively secured beneath the opposite sides ofsaid head section at the head end thereof with the outer ends of themembers smoothly l upwardly turned, locking means carried by said headsec- .4, A hospital bed-chair comprising Va bedstead frame, a Y

foldable spring frame secured to said bedstead frame and formed ofarticulated hingedly end connected head, central, and foot sections,adjusting mechanism carried by said bedstead frame andloperativelyconnected to the sections of said bedstead frame to individually pivotsame relative to each other, a second folda-ble spring frame,l

formed of articulated hingedly end connected head, central, and footsections corresponding to the like sections of said rst spring frame,`an upright foot plate transversely secured to the end of the footsection of said second spring frame, pivotal mounting means mountingsaid second spring frame yupon said bedstead frame in overlying relationto said first frame and for rotation between positions longitudinallyand transversely thereof, angle iron foot members respectively securedtransversely beneath the foot ends of said head and central sections ofsaid second spring framev and supported upon the like sections of saidfirst spring frame, a channel iron foot member secured transverselybeneath the foot end of said foot section of said second spring frameand supported upon the foot section of the rst spring frame, saidchannel iron foot member having smoothlyupwardly turned ends, a pair ofchannel iron foot Vmembers respectively secured lbeneath the oppositesides of the head section of said second spring frame at the head endthereof and supported upon the head' section of said rst spring frame,said pair of foot members having smoothly upwardly turned outer ends, apair of locking pins projecting laterally from the opposite sides of thehead section of said second springV frame, a pair of locking armspivotally secured to the opposite sides of the central section of saidsecond spring frame and slotted for locking engagement with said pinswhen the head section of said second spring frame is Y in inclinedposition relative to the central section thereof, and arm rest structurepivotally secured to the'opposite sides of the head section of saidsecond spring frame and supportable in horizontal arm' supportingpositions and unobstructing positions adjacent the sides thereof.

5. In a hospital bed including at least a bedstead frame, a foldablespring frame formed of articulated hinged sections, and adjusting meanscarried by said bedstead frame and operatively connected to the sectionsof said spring frame to selectively pivot the sections relative to eachother whereby the spring frame may assume a variety of predeterminedpositions conducive to the well being land comfort of a patientoccupying the bed, the combination comprising a second foldable springframe formed of articulatedhinged sections corresponding to the sectionsof said first spring frame and pivotally mounted and supported inoverlying relation thereto for rotation between positions longitudinallyand transversely of the iirst spring frame. l

References Cited in the iile of this patent Sullivan Oct. 18, 1960

5. IN A HOSPITAL BED INCLUDING AT LEAST A BEDSTEAD FRAME, A FOLDABLESPRING FRAME FORMED OF ARTICULATED HINGED SECTIONS, AND ADJUSTING MEANSCARRIED BY SAID BEDSTEAD FRAME AND OPERATIVELY CONNECTED TO THE SECTIONSOF SAID SPRING FRAME TO SELECTIVELY PIVOT THE SECTION RELATIVE TO EACHOTHER WHEREBY THE SPRING FRAME MAY ASSUME A VARIETY OF PREDETERMINEDPOSITIONS CONDUCIVE TO THE WELL BEING AND COMFORT OF A PATIENT OCCUPYINGTHE BED, THE COMBINATION COMPRISING A SECOND FOLDABLE SPRING FRAMEFORMED OF ARTICULATED HINGED SECTIONS CORRESPONDING TO THE SECTIONS OFSAID FIRST SPRING FRAME AND PIVOTALLY MOUNTED AND SUPPORTED IN OVERLYINGRELATION THERETO FOR ROTATION BETWEEN POSITIONS LONGITUDINALLY ANDTRANSVERSELY OF THE FIRST SPRING FRAME.